passive voice

passive voice

passive voice = edilgen çatı

1. Etken tümceyi edilgen yapmak için şu dört işlem yapılır: a) Etken tümcenin nesnesi bulunarak özne yapılır b) To be fiilinin (zaman ve kişi açısından) uygun biçimi konur. c) Asıl fiilin üçüncü hali konur d) Varsa diğer sözcükler eklenir. Örneği inceleyin:

He painted the door.

a) The door

b) The door was

c) The door was painted

d) The door was painted by him.

2. Zamanlara göre edilgen yapılması şöyledir:

The chemist heats the water.                     The water is heated by the chemist.

The chemist is heating the water.              The water is being heated by the chemist.

The chemist has heated the water.           The water has been heated by the chemist.

The chemist heated the water.                  The water was heated by the chemist.

The chemist was heating the water.         The water was being heated by the chemist.

The chemist had heated the water.          The water had been heated by the chemist.

The chemist will heat the water.               The water will be heated by the chemist.

The chemist will have heated the water. The water will have been heated by the chemist.

Bütün modal'ların edilgeni modal + be + V3 şeklinde olur. Be going to, have to ve be to da bu şekilde edilgen olur.

The chemist must heat the water.           The water will have been heated by the chemist.

The chemist has to heat the water.         The water has to be heated by the chemist.

The chemist is going to heat the water.  The water is going to be heated by the chemist.

The chemist is to heat the water.             The water is to be heated by the chemist.

3. Mastarların edilgen biçimi şu şekilde yapılır:

to do = to be done

to have done = to have been done

I want to tell you what to do.

Yapılacak şeyi sana söylemek istiyorum.

I don't want to be told what to do.

Yapılacak şeyin bana söylenmesini istemiyorum.

4. Ulaçların edilgen biçimi şu şekilde yapılır:

doing = being done 

having done = having been done

I don't like criticising.

Eleştirmeyi sevmem.

I don't like being criticised.

Eleştirilmeyi sevmem.

5. Ortaçların edilgen biçimi şu şekilde yapılır:

doing = being done

having done = having been done

Insulting the host, he left the party.

Ev sahibine hakaret ederek partiden ayrıldı.

Being insulted by the host, he left the party.

Ev sahibi tarafından hakaret edilince partiden ayrıldı.